🌹 Obstetrics & Gynaecology
UPSC CMS OBG Questions
Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) is a core component of UPSC CMS Paper II. It covers the complete spectrum from antenatal care and normal/abnormal labour to gynaecological disorders, reproductive medicine, and family planning.
About OBG in UPSC CMS
OBG questions in UPSC CMS are clinical in nature, testing the ability to manage obstetric emergencies, interpret investigations, and apply correct management protocols. Questions on family planning, medical termination of pregnancy, and national health programmes are frequently asked.
Primary references include DC Dutta’s Textbook of Obstetrics, DC Dutta’s Textbook of Gynaecology, and Williams Obstetrics. OBG accounts for approximately 40–50 questions in CMS Paper II.
Important OBG Topics for UPSC CMS
✨ High-Yield Areas
Antenatal Care: Antenatal visits schedule, routine investigations in pregnancy, high-risk pregnancy identification, TORCH infections, gestational diabetes mellitus screening and management.
Obstetric Complications: Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (diagnosis, management, MgSO4 protocol), antepartum haemorrhage (placenta praevia vs abruption), PROM, preterm labour management, postpartum haemorrhage (causes, management, uterotonics).
Labour: Stages of normal labour, partograph use, fetal monitoring (CTG interpretation), abnormal labour (prolonged, obstructed), operative deliveries (forceps, vacuum), caesarean section indications.
Gynaecological Disorders: Menstrual disorders (amenorrhoea, DUB, dysmenorrhoea), PCOS (Rotterdam criteria, management), endometriosis, uterine fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease.
Reproductive Oncology: Carcinoma cervix (CIN, FIGO staging, HPV vaccination), carcinoma endometrium (risk factors, staging), ovarian tumours (classification, management), gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma).
Gynaecological Procedures: Hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, colposcopy, pap smear interpretation, LEEP, cone biopsy indications.
Family Planning: Contraceptive methods (OCP, IUCD, barrier, sterilisation), MTP Act, emergency contraception, failure rates of different methods.
Infertility: Male and female factor evaluation, ovulation induction, IUI, IVF indications, endoscopic surgery in infertility.
Obstetric Complications: Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (diagnosis, management, MgSO4 protocol), antepartum haemorrhage (placenta praevia vs abruption), PROM, preterm labour management, postpartum haemorrhage (causes, management, uterotonics).
Labour: Stages of normal labour, partograph use, fetal monitoring (CTG interpretation), abnormal labour (prolonged, obstructed), operative deliveries (forceps, vacuum), caesarean section indications.
Gynaecological Disorders: Menstrual disorders (amenorrhoea, DUB, dysmenorrhoea), PCOS (Rotterdam criteria, management), endometriosis, uterine fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease.
Reproductive Oncology: Carcinoma cervix (CIN, FIGO staging, HPV vaccination), carcinoma endometrium (risk factors, staging), ovarian tumours (classification, management), gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma).
Gynaecological Procedures: Hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, colposcopy, pap smear interpretation, LEEP, cone biopsy indications.
Family Planning: Contraceptive methods (OCP, IUCD, barrier, sterilisation), MTP Act, emergency contraception, failure rates of different methods.
Infertility: Male and female factor evaluation, ovulation induction, IUI, IVF indications, endoscopic surgery in infertility.
High-Yield Topics for UPSC CMS OBG (2020–2025)
Based on analysis of all 225 OBG questions across six years of UPSC CMS papers, these topics have appeared most frequently:
| Topic | Questions (2020–25) |
|---|---|
| Obstetrics | 115 |
| Gynaecology | 109 |
| Forensic Medicine | 1 |
How OBG Questions Have Changed from 2020 to 2025
OBG questions are almost evenly split between Obstetrics and Gynaecology across the six years, with Obstetrics edging ahead from 2023 onward — likely reflecting increased focus on labour complications, antenatal care, and high-risk pregnancy management. Question complexity has increased, with more multi-statement format questions appearing from 2021.
Key Textbooks and Chapters
📚 Primary Reference: DC Dutta's Textbook of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (9th ed.)
- Obstetrics — Ch. 7-19 (antenatal care, labour, high-risk pregnancy)
- Gynaecology — Ch. 22-35 (menstrual disorders, infertility, gynae-oncology)
- Contraception — Ch. 28-29 (methods, failure rates, eligibility criteria)
- Williams Obstetrics (26th ed.) — cross-reference for management protocols
Practice OBG PYQs Online
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